cognitive scientist awards

   Thyroid hormone is an essential hormone that affects many aspects of your body. If you are pregnant and have too little or too much thyroid hormone, it can affect the fetus and its brain development. According to experts, a deficiency of thyroid hormone during fetal development can cause mental retardation and other neurological impairments. Read on to know in detail. Thyroid hormones are among the most important hormones that control the speed of your body’s metabolism. However, in infants, the thyroid hormone is highly critical for their brain development. Your thyroid, a small, butterfly-shaped gland located at the front of your neck under your skin, makes and releases thyroid hormone—a crucial part of your endocrine system. Experts say the thyroid hormone acts as a vital regulator for various processes like neuron proliferation, migration, differentiation, and synaptogenesis. “Thyroid hormones provide signals for the differentiation and maturation of various brain cells...

The current market for brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) is growing rapidly, driven by advances in neuroscience, artificial intelligence (AI), and wearable technologies. However, it remains in a relatively early stage of development, with most applications focused on research, medical, and assistive technologies. How does BCI work BCI includes Signal Acquisition from either Electroencephalography (EEG), Electrocorticography (ECoG), Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS), or Implanted Electrodes. Signal processing includes Preprocessing, Feature Extraction, Signal Classification. And then the output to External Device Control or a feedback loop. In a basic BCI for communication, a user might wear an EEG headset that detects electrical activity in their brain. When they think about moving a cursor on a screen, specific brain signals associated with that thought are detected. The BCI software translates these signals into cursor movements, allowing the user to select letters or comm...

Dementia is a syndrome that can be caused by a number of diseases which over time destroy nerve cells and damage the brain, typically leading to deterioration in cognitive function (i.e. the ability to process thought) beyond what might be expected from the usual consequences of biological ageing. While consciousness is not affected, the impairment in cognitive function is commonly accompanied, and occasionally preceded, by changes in mood, emotional control, behaviour, or motivation. Dementia has physical, psychological, social and economic impacts, not only for people living with dementia, but also for their carers, families and society at large. There is often a lack of awareness and understanding of dementia, resulting in stigmatization and barriers to diagnosis and care. Signs and symptoms Changes in mood and behaviour sometimes happen even before memory problems occur. Symptoms get worse over time. Eventually, most people with dementia will need others to help with daily activiti...

 It has long been documented that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has positive impacts on improving mental health (MH) and quality of life (QoL) in the general population, but investigations on its effect on cancer survivors remain limited, especially for QoL outcomes. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to investigate the effects of CBT as compared to control on cancer patients' MH and QoL outcomes. Control is defined in this study as standard therapy, waitlist control, and active/alternative therapy. Cancer is a debilitating disease that affects millions of individuals each year around the globe. While treatments have advanced in recent decades improving longevity and survival rates, treatment regimens have serious impacts on the physical, psychological, and social well-being of oncology patients.These patients are prone to many psychological and mental health (MH) disturbances, including depression, anxiety, and decreased general wellness, due to these psychosocial burdens a...

  Artificial intelligence has the potential to improve the analysis of medical image data. For example, algorithms based on deep learning can determine the location and size of tumors. This is the result of AutoPET, an international competition in medical image analysis, where researchers of Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) were ranked fifth.  The seven best autoPET teams report in the journal  Nature Machine Intelligence  on how algorithms can detect tumor lesions in positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT).  Imaging techniques play a key role in the diagnosis of cancer. Precisely determining the location, size, and type of tumors is essential for choosing the right therapy. The most important imaging techniques include positron emission tomography (PET) and computer tomography (CT). PET uses radionuclides to visualize metabolic processes in the body. The metabolic rate of malign tumors is considerably higher than that of benign ti...

  How does the mind work—and especially how does it learn? Teachers’ instructional decisions are based on a mix of theories learned in teacher education, trial and error, craft knowledge, and gut instinct. Such knowledge often serves us well, but is there anything sturdier to rely on? Cognitive science is an interdisciplinary field of researchers from psychology, neuroscience, linguistics, philosophy, computer science, and anthropology who seek to understand the mind. In this regular  American Educator  column, we consider findings from this field that are strong and clear enough to merit classroom application. QUESTION:  How can we better understand and support children who are highly aggressive? ANSWER:  Aggression has multiple causes and is part of the typical human’s behavioral repertoire. However, a small percentage of children engage in more severe and more frequent aggressive behavior than is typical, and these children may have differences in several men...